Who Controls the AI Stack?

As AI infrastructure becomes critical to business, science, and national security, a new question is emerging: who controls the foundations of intelligence? This conversation brings together interdisciplinary leaders to explore the balance between open and closed models, the growing importance of sovereign AI capabilities, and why the future of innovation may depend as much on ecosystems and governance as on models themselves. From research infrastructure and reproducibility to regulation, security, and the democratisation of advanced tools, this panel examines who gets to build revolutionary AI — and who gets left behind.